In my previous article, I explored a range of functions and delved into how syntax varies across different programming languages.
If you haven’t had a chance to check it out yet, I highly recommend giving it a read.
You can find the article right here.
As a quick reminder, I’ll be showcasing a variety of functions and operational codes, along with their syntax, in different programming languages to help reinforce your understanding.
Comments
The first one, and probably the most important, is how do we code a comment in the various languages.
Question for another day, ‘Do programmers still put comments in their code?’ Um, answers on a postcard please!
RPG
RPG provides both single and multi-line comments. The syntax for a comment in RPG is as follows.
// This is a comment
Or
/* This is a comment over multiple lines
Get customer details
*/
CL
The syntax for adding a comment to CL programming is as follows.
/* My first CL program – Single Line */
Or
/*
Comments can be spanned across
Multiple lines
*/
JavaScript
If you are using node.js or JavaScript, the syntax for the adding a comment is shown below:
// single line comment
Or
/*
Block coding of a comment
*/
PHP
If you are using PHP, the syntax for the comment statement is shown below:
// single line comment
Or
/*
Block coding of a comment
*/
Python
Python supports both single-line and multi-line comments.
# this is my first python program
In Python, there is no specific syntax for multi-line comments like /* … */ as we have shown in other languages.
Instead, you can use triple-quotes (”’ or “””) to create a multi-line string and this string is often used as a multi-line comment.
While it’s not a true comment, it serves the same purpose.
”’
This is a multi-line “comment.”
You can add comments spanning multiple lines here.
”’
Next onto how we get the current date in different languages.
Date
In this section we will explore how we get the current date in the various languages.
RPG
The RPG %date built in function retrieves the current date.
The syntax for RPG trimming is as follows.
Today = %date()
CL
In CL programming, we get the current date by retrieving the system value QDATE.
/* Retrieve the current date into the variable */
RTVSYSVAL SYSVAL(QDATE) RTNVAR(&TODAY)
JavaScript
In JavaScript, we get the current date by using the date object. This is shown below:
const today = new Date();
PHP
In PHP, you can get the current date using the date() function. Here’s how it is coded.
$today = date(“d-m-Y”)
Python
A date in Python is not a data type of its own, but you can import a module named datetime to work with dates as date objects.
import datetime
today = datetime.datetime.now()
Time
Onto the last function of this article, how do we get the current time in these languages?
RPG
In RPGLE free format, you can get the current time using the %TIME() built-in function. Here’s how you can obtain the current time:
CurrentTime = %TIME();
CL
In CL programming we get the current time by retrieving a system value (QTIME)
/* Retrieve the current time */
RTVSYSVAL SYSVAL(QTIME) RTNVAR(&CurrentTime)
JavaScript
In JavaScript, as with getting the date, we use the date object to get us the current time.
// Create a new Date object
var currentTime = new Date();
// Extract hours, minutes, and seconds
let hours = currentTime.getHours();
let minutes = currentTime.getMinutes();
let seconds = currentTime.getSeconds();
// Format the time as HH:MM:SS
let formattedTime = hours.toString().padStart(2, ‘0’) + ‘:’ +
minutes.toString().padStart(2, ‘0’) + ‘:’ +
seconds.toString().padStart(2, ‘0’);
PHP
To retrieve the current time in PHP, we use the date function as shown in the figure below.
// Get the current time
$current_time = date(“H:i:s”); // HH:MM:SS format
Python
In Python, you can get the current time using the datetime module.
The coding below shows how you can obtain the current time in Python:
import datetime
# Get the current time
current_time = datetime.datetime.now()
# Format the current time as HH:MM:SS
formatted_time = current_time.strftime(“%H:%M:%S”)
Conclusion
I trust that this article has provided you with a concise glimpse into the common functions found in various programming languages.
All the examples I have written for this article, and previous ones, can be found on my companies open-source repository on GitHub, which can be found at https://github.com/formaserve/f_Learning
If you have any questions, either on this article, or anything else on the IBM i, please use the comments below, or send me a message on X (twitter) @AndyYouens
Andy Youens is an IBM i consultant/instructor at Milton Keynes, UK-based FormaServe Systems with over 40 years IBM midrange development experience.
IBM Champion
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